Space Traffic Management: An Emerging ChallengeWith increasing reliance on space-based technologies, active satellites in orbit have grown tremendously over the past few decades. As of early 2022, there are over 5,000 active satellites circling the Earth with thousands more anticipated to be launched in the coming years. However, this rapid growth in the number of objects in space has also increased the risk of collisions between satellites and space debris. Even a small piece of debris can damage a satellite and create more orbital clutter. Recognizing the need for enhanced monitoring and prevention of collisions, nations and commercial providers are emphasizing the importance of space traffic management through greater cooperation.Tracking and Cataloguing Orbital ObjectsA Space Situational Awareness (SSA) traffic management is comprehensive tracking and cataloguing of all orbital objects. Currently, the US Space Surveillance Network is the most advanced system, regularly monitoring over 27,000 objects 10 cm or larger in size. However, many smaller fragments less than 10 cm exist but are difficult to accurately track. The US shares basic orbital data on these objects with other nations and agencies through the Space-Track.org website. Meanwhile, countries like Russia, China, France, Germany and Japan are also developing independent SSA capabilities. Greater data sharing and integration of these national SSA networks will help develop a more complete global catalogue.Conjunction Analysis and Collision AvoidanceWith a robust catalogue of orbital objects, advanced SSA networks can then provide timely conjunction analysis, which identifies potential collisions between tracked satellites and debris. Conjunction alerts generated from these analyses allow satellite operators to take precautionary measures like performing collision avoidance maneuvers if needed. These maneuvers involve slight changes in the orbital path of a satellite to safely bypass oncoming debris. Coordinated conjunction analysis from global SSA networks can significantly help satellite operators monitor collision threats and ensure safe continuation of space-based services. It also prevents cascading events from secondary debris in case of collisions.Establishing International Standards and Frameworks
While national SSA capabilities are progressing, coordinated international cooperation is indispensable for developing comprehensive global Space Situational Awareness (SSA). This involves establishing common data-sharing standards and frameworks for supporting conjunction analysis, minimizing radiofrequency interference, and addressing orbital debris mitigation guidelines. Existing frameworks like the United Nations Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines and the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee provide a foundation. Broader partnerships through initiatives such as the International Space Sustainability Rating are helping harmonize voluntary best practices across industry and governments. Formalized information exchanges centered around global SSA data repositories can also help optimize coordination of activities in space.Commercial SSA Emergence and National Partnerships
In recent years, commercial SSA data and services have significantly expanded through new private sector entities. Companies like SpaceTrack, ExoAnalytic Solutions, and Analytical Graphics provide various telemetry and orbital tracking solutions for both government and commercial customers. Some have also started offering advanced conjunction analysis capabilities. National SSA centers are additionally forging technology partnerships and data sharing agreements with these commercial players to supplement their coverage. For instance, the US Strategic Command's Joint Space Operations Center collaborates with several commercial providers. As the commercial market matures further, public-private synergies will be important to achieve full global SSA.A Key Foundation for Safe and Sustainable Space Activities
With growing global interconnectivity through space-based communication, navigation, and Earth observation systems, ensuring safety of operations in orbit is more critical than ever. Comprehensive and coordinated global Space Situational Awareness (SSA) founded on cooperation between national agencies and industry will be indispensable for supporting this collaborative human activity beyond Earth. It plays a pivotal role in preventing accidental collisions and fragmentation events through enhanced situational awareness, tracking, and conjunction analysis services. Sustained international commitment and partnerships are needed to develop SSA as a reliable public good, establishing consensus on policies and frameworks that protects our vital space infrastructure and enables its continued role in powering the global economy and innovation.
Get More Insights On, Space Situational Awareness (SSA)
For More Insights Discover the Report In language that Resonates with you
About Author:
Priya Pandey is a dynamic and passionate editor with over three years of expertise in content editing and proofreading. Holding a bachelor's degree in biotechnology, Priya has a knack for making the content engaging. Her diverse portfolio includes editing documents across different industries, including food and beverages, information and technology, healthcare, chemical and materials, etc. Priya's meticulous attention to detail and commitment to excellence make her an invaluable asset in the world of content creation and refinement.(LinkedIn- https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-pandey-8417a8173/)
